Docker vs Podman Architecture

Understand the key architectural differences between Docker and Podman, and why Podman's design offers improved security and flexibility.

By Kevin McAleer,    3 Minutes

Page last updated May 24, 2025


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To appreciate Podman’s advantages, it’s important to understand how it differs architecturally from Docker. The biggest shift? No daemon.

What is a Daemon? A daemon is a background service that runs continuously, managing tasks and resources. In Docker, the dockerd daemon is responsible for running containers, while Podman operates without a central daemon.


Let’s explore the implications of this and what it means for how you work with containers.


🏗️ Docker’s Architecture

Docker uses a client-server model:

  • The docker CLI talks to the dockerd daemon
  • The daemon manages containers, images, volumes, and networks
  • The daemon runs as root and controls everything on behalf of the user

Pros:

  • Centralized control
  • Simplifies resource management

Cons:

  • Single point of failure
  • Requires root privileges
  • Difficult to audit individual actions

🔧 Podman’s Architecture

Podman is daemonless and runs as the user:

  • The podman CLI executes commands directly
  • Each container runs under its own system process
  • No root access required by default (rootless)

Pros:

  • No central daemon = fewer security concerns
  • Runs as the current user = better access control
  • Easy to integrate with systemd and user services
  • Compatible with container standards (OCI)

🛡️ Security Implications

Feature Docker Podman
Rootless Support ❌ Experimental/limited ✅ Full support
Daemon Required ✅ Yes ❌ No
SELinux Integration 🟡 Limited ✅ Strong
Auditability ❌ Shared daemon logs ✅ Per-process/user logging

🔒 Rootless containers allow users to run containers without elevated privileges, greatly reducing attack surface.


🧠 Why It Matters

Podman’s architecture empowers users and sysadmins to:

  • Run containers without special permissions
  • Avoid the risks of a long-running root daemon
  • Cleanly separate user workloads
  • Better support containers as system services

🚧 When It Matters

  • On servers: Fewer root processes = safer environment
  • In dev environments: No need for sudo
  • With systemd: Map containers directly to services
  • In shared machines: Users manage their own containers securely

Next up: Installing Podman


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